The trees of Indiana are under threat, and it’s not from storms or drought. This silent predator, the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB), is wreaking havoc on ash trees—one of Indiana’s significant native tree species. For homeowners, tree enthusiasts, and Indiana residents, understanding and combating this invasive pest is crucial to preserving our landscapes and the ecosystems they support.
This guide covers everything you need to know about the Emerald Ash Borer, from identifying infestations to implementing solutions. By the end of this blog, you’ll have actionable steps to help protect Indiana’s ash trees and contribute to the fight against one of the nation’s most destructive tree pests.

Understanding the Threat – What Is the Emerald Ash Borer?
The Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) is a small, metallic green beetle native to Asia. While it might look harmless, this insect is anything but. It first appeared in the United States in the early 2000s, likely hitchhiking in wooden packing materials for shipping. By the time it was detected in Indiana, it had already begun its devastating march across the Midwest.
But why is this beetle such a threat? Female EAB beetles lay their eggs on the bark of ash trees. Once hatched, the larvae bore into the tree and feed on the inner bark, disrupting the tree’s ability to transport water and nutrients. This activity essentially starves the tree, leading to its rapid decline and eventual death.
The result? Over 30 million ash trees have already succumbed to EAB infestations across North America—and Indiana’s ash trees remain at severe risk.
Signs of EAB Infestation – Is Your Tree Affected?
Recognizing the signs of an Emerald Ash Borer infestation early can make all the difference in saving a tree. Here’s what to look for:
- D-Shaped Exit Holes – Emerald Ash Borer adults emerge from the tree, leaving small, distinct D-shaped exit holes in the bark. These are often one of the first indicators of an infestation.
- Canopy Dieback – Infested ash trees often exhibit thinning or dying branches at the top of the canopy. This dieback tends to worsen year after year.
- Splitting Bark – EAB larval activity under the bark can cause the bark to split. This may expose galleries, or winding tunnels, left by the larvae.
- Increased Woodpecker Activity – Woodpeckers often feed on EAB larvae, so an unusual increase in woodpecker activity around an ash tree may indicate an infestation.
- Suckering Shoots – Infested trees may grow new shoots, or “suckers,” at their base, as the tree attempts to compensate for the damage.
If you notice these symptoms in your yard or community, it’s vital to act quickly and determine whether Emerald Ash Borers are the culprits.
Why It Matters – The Consequences of Ignoring EAB
Failing to address the Emerald Ash Borer problem doesn’t just threaten individual ash trees—it has far-reaching environmental and economic consequences.
Environmental Impact
Ash trees are vital components of Indiana’s ecosystems. They provide shade, stabilize the soil, and offer habitats for animals and insects. The loss of ash trees can lead to:
- Increased soil erosion
- Reduced biodiversity
- Disrupted ecosystems that depend on ash trees
Economic Impact
For homeowners, the death of large ash trees near a property can lead to serious removal fees, often ranging from $500 to $3,000 per tree. Municipal efforts to manage EAB, meanwhile, strain local budgets. Indiana communities have spent millions to manage this pest, and these costs will only rise if the problem isn’t addressed collaboratively.
Solutions and Prevention – Protecting Ash Trees in Indiana
While the Emerald Ash Borer poses a significant threat, there are effective ways to combat it. Here’s how you can protect your ash trees and minimize the spread of this invasive species:
Inspect Regularly
Periodic inspection of ash trees in your yard or community can help detect signs of infestation early, giving you a better chance at saving them.
Treat with EAB Solutions
There are numerous treatment options available, including:
- Systemic insecticides: Products like imidacloprid and emamectin benzoate can be injected into the tree to kill EAB larvae and adults. These treatments are most effective when applied early.
- Professional EAB treatment services: Seek the help of certified arborists or tree care experts to assess and treat affected trees.
Remove and Replace
If a tree is beyond saving, safely remove and replace it. Replacing infested ash trees with native, pest-resistant species can help restore biodiversity and reduce the impact of EAB.
Practice Responsible Firewood Use
EAB can spread to new locations via infested firewood. Always buy firewood locally and avoid transporting it across state lines to prevent unintentional spread.
Monitor Government Resources
Stay informed about Indiana’s tree pest management initiatives. Many communities offer resources, grants, or assistance programs to tackle Emerald Ash Borer infestations.
Community Effort – Battling EAB Together
Combatting the Emerald Ash Borer isn’t a battle for individuals—it’s a community effort. Here’s how Indiana residents can come together to protect their trees:
- Attend Workshops: Many local organizations host information sessions or workshops on EAB mitigation strategies and tree care.
- Join Local Tree Care Groups: Volunteer with conservation and reforestation groups to assist in tree replacement efforts and education initiatives.
- Report Infestations: If you notice symptoms of EAB in your area, report it to the Indiana Department of Natural Resources. Early reporting can help slow the spread.
Together, we can reduce the impact of this invasive pest and protect Indiana’s natural heritage for generations to come.
Wrapping Up
The emerald sheen of the Emerald Ash Borer hides its devastating impact. But with proactive steps and community action, Indiana residents can make a considerable difference. Whether you’re inspecting your yard, treating infested trees, or joining local conservation efforts, every action counts in the battle against EAB.
Don’t wait for signs of damage—act now to safeguard Indiana’s ash trees and help preserve the beauty of the Hoosier State.
Do you have a dead or dying tree that has been affected by tree beetles or another pest? Contact Complete Tree Care at 317-783-2518 for licensed and insured tree removal in Indianapolis, Indiana. We serve both residential and commercial clients all throughout Central Indiana.
Related Posts:
Defending Our Ash Trees: A Homeowner’s Guide to Emerald Ash Borer Management
Learn How to Identify Ash Trees
Common Winter Tree Pests in Indiana